Over the past century, treatments like chemotherapy and radiation therapy have been developed for cancer. However, these therapies often lack the necessary specificity to deliver high enough doses to eliminate cancer cells while preventing intolerable toxicity.

Explore innovative strategies for optimizing CDR loops in therapeutic antibodies. Enhance antigen binding and specificity to advance pharmaceutical development.

Discover how somatic hypermutation drives the maturation of therapeutic antibodies, optimizing their properties for improved efficacy and safety in medical applications.

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are useful therapeutics for targeted treatments in oncology, autoimmune disorders, and infectious diseases. Among the key distinctions in therapeutic mAbs are those labeled fully human and humanized. Both rely heavily on animal models (primarily mice) and genetic engineering techniques to achieve their therapeutic properties.

Biointron’s AbDrop platform revolutionizes antibody discovery by combining high-throughput screening with advanced microfluidic technology, enabling the identification of diverse and high-affinity antibodies. This process starts by isolating plasma B cells from immunized animals, encapsulating them in microdroplets to preserve natural heavy and light chain pairing, a critical factor for developing functional therapeutic antibodies.

Antibody pharmacokinetics (PK) is the study of how the body interacts with antibodies after administration, particularly with absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion. It is essential in the drug development process, as it allows us to assess the antibody’s therapeutic efficacy and intensity.

Biointron’s AbDrop & Cyagen’s HUGO-Ab is a high-throughput fully human antibody discovery platform that combines microdroplet-based single B cell screening with transgenic mice. This combination accelerates the discovery and development of fully human antibodies, reducing the time from target identification to therapeutic candidate to just three months.

The development of chimeric antibodies was a significant turning point in antibody engineering. To engineer more human-like antibodies, researchers combined the variable regions of antibodies from one species with the constant regions of another, resulting in increased antigen specificity with reduced immunogenicity. This was a key advance in making antibodies more suitable for therapeutic applications in humans.

In the immune system, antibodies are responsible for identifying and neutralizing foreign invaders such as pathogens. They achieve this through the precise recognition of antigens, a process largely determined by the structure of their variable regions. Each antibody is composed of two types of protein chains: the heavy chain (HC) and the light chain (LC). These two chains form a highly specific pairing that is necessary for the antibody's ability to bind to its target antigen.

Learn about VHH libraries, their creation, screening & structural diversity. Discover how nanobody technology advances research, diagnostics & therapeutics.

Explore antibody engineering to enhance affinity, specificity, and functionality, enabling next-gen formats like scFv and bispecific antibodies for targeted therapies.

Explore the role of bispecific antibodies (bsAbs) in cancer therapy and beyond. Learn how their dual-targeting capability enhances immune responses and overcomes limitations of monoclonal antibodies.

Discover how antibodies trigger immune responses through complement activation (CDC), cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) & pathogen neutralization for effective immune defense.

Discover the unique properties, advantages, and clinical potential of multispecific antibodies, including tetraspecific formats, in advancing therapeutics.

Discover the distinctions between ADC biosimilars, cost-effective alternatives to reference drugs, and ADC isotypes, engineered for specific therapeutic properties. Learn their roles in advanced cancer therapies.